Knowledge and Skills

In What Field

Test Adaptation | Knowledge and Skills

How do you reliably measure knowledge and skills internationally?

Assessing educational achievement in diverse contexts requires adapting achievement tests into multiple languages with a focus on cross-cultural equivalence. Testing organizations are increasingly motivated to bring their psychological tests, skills assessments, screening tests and other evaluation tools to new audiences, new regions and new cultures.

cApStAn has played a pioneering role in implementing and documenting sophisticated translation and adaptation models, and has developed translation verification checklists in close collaboration with psychometricians and researchers.

Other Fields We Work In

Talent Management

Assessments that gauge workforce skills, screen job applicants...

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Market Research

In multiregional and multicultural contexts, the translation...

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Social and Attitudinal Surveys

Understanding society requires well-crafted surveys...

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Talent Management

Assessments that gauge workforce skills, screen job applicants...

Learn More

Market Research

In multiregional and multicultural contexts, the translation...

Learn More

Social and Attitudinal Surveys

Understanding society requires well-crafted surveys...

Learn More

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion

Have your tests and questionnaires reviewed for cultural

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Our Work in Knowledge and Skills

International Large-Scale Assessments

Our methodology is based on the International Test Commission Guidelines for translation and adaptation. We advise on translatability, develop source and reference versions, and verify third-party translations. We maximize the comparability across language versions that data analysts take for granted.

Admission Exams

When applicants are given the choice between several languages, we make sure a test is reliable, valid and fair in its respective language versions.

Psychological Tests

How to translate a psychological test? When response scales are sensitive and stakes are high, we apply a double translation, reconciliation, and adjudication process, involving industrial and organizational psychologists in the target language.

Certification Programs

In localizing the modules, tests and scoring guides of highly specialized content, we recommend a combination of pre-translation work (glossaries validated by partners in the target region), experienced translators and subject matter experts (SMEs). Controversial issues are moderated by a cApStAn senior linguist.

Contextual Questionnaires

Along with knowledge and skills assessments, we translate and verify contextual questionnaires that collect data on demographics, educational and professional background, and attitudes to learning. We verify that translated questions are understood as intended to ensure accurate data collection.

Resources on Knowledge and Skills

OECD PISA global crisis module

Translation/adaptation of PISA Global Crises Module (GCM)

About the project The OECD’s Programme for International student Assessment (PISA) developed PISA Global Crises Module (GCM) to collect information on how education systems around the world have responded to [...]

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Translation validation of adult literacy survey

Translation validation of adult literacy survey – The LAMP

About LAMP The Literacy Assessment and Monitoring Programme (LAMP) organised by UNESCO’s Institute of Statistics (UIS) is an adult literacy survey designed to be administered in emerging countries, where building [...]

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OECD PISA translation

OECD PISA

About PISA The OECD PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment), collects data from 15-year-old students across the world, assessing education outcomes by measuring knowledge and skills in reading, mathematics and [...]

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